Butterfly stone face scope and ceramic scope are the names of galvanized metal parts that prevent ceramic and stone faces from falling.
Porous building materials such as travertine stone with the holes in their back cause a proper interaction between the mortar and these stones and it is well attached and fixed on the wall.
On the other hand, materials and stones that do not have any porosity or holes in their surface (such as granite stones), after a while due to sunlight, rainwater penetration or other conditions, loosen and fall from the wall.
In addition to ruining the appearance of the wall, it can also endanger the lives of passers-by.
The best and most reliable solution to prevent this process is to scoop these stones, which according to publication 714 should be curbed every 0.2 square meters of the facade.
In order to prevent loosening and falling of the stones installed on the wall, as well as their stability during an earthquake, appropriate restraints are used to fix them.
There are different ways to scoop rocks. For the scope of the stone you can create grooves according to the back of the stone. These grooves make them take a different shape.
ScoopFor example: in the butterfly scope method, these grooves have an angle of 45 degrees. After creating these types of grooves, the desired tools are placed in these grooves.
Special adhesives are used to attach these tools to the back of the stone. After installing the tool behind the stone, mortar should be poured on the stone and the tool so that the desired stone sticks well.
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• Biting method
• Scoop method with wire wire
• Scoop of stone using two legs
• Scoop of three legs
• Butterfly scoop
• Scoop of stone using Z method
• Scoop using screws and dowels
Biting method is one of the most common methods of scoping or fixing the stone in the facade of the building. But it should be remembered that although this method is cheap, fast and convenient, it does not have the necessary security and very few people use this method.
In the biting method, the back of the stone is cut, and then a few pieces of rectangular stone are glued to the back of the stone using a special glue, in the part that is cut, and the space between the stone and the wall is filled with cement and sand mortar. The connection between the stone and the wall should be strengthened.
The tripod scope is one of the common methods of stone-faced scope. In the tripod scoop method, the scoops are made of steel pieces that are installed vertically behind the stone so that the slurry penetrates to other lower parts; Therefore, the difference between the three-legged scope and the two-legged scope is in the number of legs and also in the way of installing the third leg.
In the tripod scope method, to install the third base, you must make a groove in the stone with a special tool, and after gluing it, place the third base in the groove. Then you have to give time for the glue to dry, then install the facade.
The two-legged rock scoop is designed and produced from steel and has two small legs on the sides.
The two-legged stone scoop is attached to the back of the stone by liquid glue so that its legs are placed vertically to prevent the grout from penetrating the lower parts of the scoop.
First, separate the sides of the stone or ceramic at a distance of 20 to 30 cm from each other, and with a tool for making two grooves or a hand mill, you create two grooves at an angle of 45 degrees to each other with an exact distance of 3 cm.
Then install the scope on the edges of the stone or ceramic. It is better to install the lower part of the stone or ceramic with glue to prevent the stone from falling. Not using a scope, especially in cases where the mortar is applied as a slurry behind the stone or ceramic, causes the stone to separate from the mortar and cause many personal and financial injuries.
Propeller scope is one of the most popular methods of facade reinforcement because of its fast execution speed. This type of scope is one of the prefabricated restraint methods that require 45-degree grooves behind the stone facade to install them.
Then the grooves are cleaned and filled with stone glue so that the scoops are placed inside them. Running a butterfly scope without stone glue may cause life and financial damage. Because most of the tombstones have a small thickness and a shallow groove is created behind them, therefore, the presence of stone glue will be necessary for the strength and performance of the scope.
The Z scope is also one of the most widely used methods, which is a metal piece like the letter Z that should be installed behind the facade.
To install it, like most methods, you need to create a groove in the stone, and after placing and sticking the scope in the groove, proceed to install the stone facade on the surface of the building.
The best way to create grooves on all stones is to use a milling machine. This device can create grooves in all stones without any damage.
Milling machines have a very thin blade that does not damage the stone.
First, you create grooves behind the stone with a cutting bur at an angle of 45 degrees upwards behind the stone or ceramic. Then you insert the prominent edge of the scoop into the groove with pressure, the distance between the scoops can be up to 30 cm depending on the shape of the stone and ceramic.
This method, i.e. the scope of stonework with wire or the scope of stonework with wire, is one of the best and strongest methods of scopework.
In the stone-faced scope method with wires, grooves are created on both sides of each stone with the help of a milling machine, and the wires are placed crosswise behind each stone. Therefore, the connection of the stones with the wall mortar is very strong and will last a long time.
The wires used in the scope are covered with galvanized wire so that they do not rust and rot and have a longer life.
The bolt and dowel method is another method of scoping stonework in the building, where bolts and nuts are used to connect the stones.
To use this method, they first prepare the map and necessary calculations for installing facade stones. Then, the installation location of each stone is determined according to the plan and after that, the bolts and nuts are installed in the desired location in the wall.
In facade stones, using a special device, screws and dowels are placed on the nuts and bolts and finally the nuts are closed. In this method, the operator places the nut screws horizontally in the facade and in a special place. After tightening the screws, the facade is attached to the wall.
The screw and dowel method is one of the fastest and cheapest methods of installing stone. This method is used in some small buildings and buildings that have a short lifespan due to the ease and speed of installation and low cost.
There are many things to consider when using a rock face scope so that this process can be done safely, accurately and beautifully. In the following, we mention some tips and criteria for using the Sang-Nama scope.
If you intend to scoop a brick wall, a period of time has passed since the construction of the wall and then scoop the stone. Otherwise, the wall will settle and be destroyed.
For metal or concrete buildings, you can also scoop out the stone as you work, and try using stainless steel or brass hooks for this.
Usually, cement mortar, sand or grout should be used when using a masonry scope. If you intend to use sand for mortar behind the stone, you should note that the sand should not contain dirt.
When using the slurry, you should pay attention to the temperature, do not use it below 4 degrees Celsius.
Be sure to try to clean the back of the facade from all kinds of dirt so that the stone and mortar adhere well.
Also, stone facade infrastructures must be done correctly.
The stone scoop has many advantages that make people use it. These benefits include:
By using stone scooping, the surface of the stone becomes smooth and uniform, which makes it more beautiful and attractive.
This method makes the stone more flexible and can be used in different designs.
Scoped stones have high strength and are resistant to scratches and heavy impacts.
With a smooth and uniform surface, scooped stones are very easy to install and require less grinding.
Scoped stones are resistant to corrosion and water absorption and can be used in different weather conditions.
1. What is the scope made of?
Answer: Stone and ceramic scoops should be made of galvanized sheet with high guarantee of mm structure.
2. What should be the distance between the scopes?
Answer: They should be placed about 20 to 30 centimeters apart.
3. Which scope is more suitable for performing stone facade?
Answer: The butterfly scope is definitely safer due to the many interactions with the mortar at different angles.
4. Is it done in the same way for all construction materials such as stones, tiles and other items?
No, the scoping method is completely different for each building material such as stone and even tile, and it is necessary to use the appropriate method according to the type and material of the building material and the installation location.
Material Considerations:
The choice of material for stone and ceramic scoops depends on the specific application and requirements:
Plastic Scoops: Plastic scoops are lightweight, inexpensive, and resistant to corrosion. They are suitable for general-purpose scooping and mixing tasks.
Metal Scoops: Metal scoops are more durable and sturdy compared to plastic scoops, making them ideal for heavy-duty applications. They are often used for scooping and transferring heavy materials like sand or gravel.
Rubber Scoops: Rubber scoops are flexible and gentle on surfaces, making them suitable for applying materials to delicate surfaces like tiles or glass. They are also less likely to scratch or damage surfaces.
Stone and ceramic scoops are essential tools for construction and tile installation projects, providing efficient and versatile means of handling, transferring, and applying dry materials. Their diverse shapes, sizes, and materials make them suitable for a wide range of tasks, from scooping large quantities of sand to precisely applying grout between tiles. By selecting the right scoop for the job and following proper usage guidelines, you can enhance your productivity and achieve a professional-looking finish in your construction or tile installation projects.
